Nipah virus outbreak: A comparative study from Southeast Asia

Authors

  • Divyata Sachan Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh
  • Manoj K Verma Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh
  • Pankaj K Jain Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh
  • Sandip Kumar Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh
  • Pradip Kharya Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Uttar Pradesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2019.v31i02.002

Keywords:

Nipah virus, henipavirus, zoonotic virus

Abstract

Nipah Virus is a recently emerging zoonotic virus with disease causing potential in both animals and humans. Nipah virus belongs to the family of paramyxovirida, genus Henipavirus along with Hendra virus. (1) The knowledge of human infection with Henipavirus was limited to a very small number of cases infected with Hendra virus in Australia during 1994-1999 which was responsible for deaths of two humans and seventeen horses. (2) Nipah virus was first identified and isolated in 1999 in Malaysia during an outbreak of febrile illness among pig farmers and people who were in close contacts with pigs. (3) In 2001, Nipah virus was identified as the causative agent of outbreak in Bangladesh. Since then number of outbreaks has been reported in various districts of Bangladesh. (4) In India, a total of three outbreaks of Nipah have been reported, latest being on 19th May 2018, from Kozhikode district of Kerala. (5) With a fatality rate of 58%, Nipah virus is primarily seen to cause encephalitis and severe respiratory distress. Despite of the severe pathogenicity and high pandemic potential there is no specific treatment for Nipah virus encephalitis except for supportive and symptomatic treatment.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bellini WJ, Harcourt BH, Bowden N, Rota PA. Nipah virus: an emergent paramyxovirus causing severe encephalitis in humans. Journal of neurovirology. 2005 Sep 1;11(5):481-7.

Murray K, Rogers R, Selvey L, Selleck P, Hyatt A, Gould A, Gleeson L, Hooper P, Westbury H. A Novel morbillivirus pneumonia of horses and its transmission to humans. Emerging Infectious Disease. 1995 Jan-Mar;1(1):31-3.

Nipah Virus Factsheet[Internet]. CDC: National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases; 2018 July 24 [cited 2018 July 24]. Available from:https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/nipah/pdf/factsheet.pdf

Nipah virus outbreaks in the WHO South-East Asia Region. WHO Regional Office for South- East Asia; 2018 July 24 [cited 2018 July 24]. Available from: http://www.searo.who.int/entity/emerging_diseases/links/nipah_virus_outbreaks_sear/en/

Nipah virus infection: Emergency preparedness, response. WHO Disease outbreak news; 2018 July 26 cited 2018 July 26]. Available at http://www.who.int/csr/don/31-may-2018-nipah-virus-india/en/

Chua KB, Bellini WJ, Rota PA, Harcourt BH, Tamin A, Lam SK, Ksiazek TG, Rollin PE, Zaki SR, Shieh W, Goldsmith CS, Gubler DJ, Roehrig JT, Eaton B, Gould AR, Olson J, Field H, Daniels P, Ling AE, Peters CJ, Anderson LJ, Mahy BW. Nipah virus: a recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2000 May 26;288(5470):1432-5.

Wong KT, Shieh WJ, Zaki SR, Tan CT. Nipah virus infection, an emerging paramyxoviral zoonosis. Springer Seminars in Immunopathology. 2002;24(2):215-28.

Looi LM, Chua KB. Lessons from the Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia. Malays J Pathol. 2007 Dec;29(2):63-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 19108397.[PubMed].

Fruit bats identified as source of Nipah virus outbreak in Kerela. NDTV [newspaper on the internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 July 26]. Available from:https://www.ndtv.com/science/fruit-bats-identified-as-source-of-nipah-virus-outbreak-in-kerala-1877313

Morbidity and mortality due to nipah or nipah like virus encephalitis in WHO-SEARO 2001 to 2008 [Internet]. WHO Surveillance and outbreak alert; 2018 May 24 [cited 2018 July 27]. Available from:http://www.searo.who.int/entity/emerging_diseases/links/morbidity-and-mortality-nipah-sear-2001-2018.pdf?ua=1

Nipah virus-11 deaths confirmed, 4 of a family dead. Times of India [newspaper on the internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 July 27].Available from: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/nipah-virus-11-deaths-confirmed-4-of-a-family-dead/articleshow/64302453.cms

Vincent P. Hsu, Mohammed Jahangir Hossain, Umesh D. Parashar, Mohammed Monsur Ali, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Ivan Kuzmin, Michael Niezgoda, Charles Rupprecht,Joseph Bresee, and Robert F. Breiman . Nipah Virus Encephalitis Reemergence, Bangladesh. Emerging Infectious Disease. 2004 Dec; 10(12): 2082–2087.

How 3 Kerala doctors spotted deadly Nipah virus, acted quickly. Times of India [newspaper on the internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 July 27]. Available from: https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-3-kerala-doctors-spotted-deadly-nipah-virus-acted-quickly/story-WgFhE1BD0DrrywP8agKwzN.html

Escaffre O, Borisevich V, Rockx B. Pathogenesis of Hendra and Nipah virus infection in humans. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2013 Apr 17;7(4):308-11. doi: 10.3855/jidc.3648. Review. PubMed PMID: 23592639.[PubMed]

Nipah virus: Key facts. WHO factsheet; 2018 May 30. [cited 2018 July 29]. Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/nipah-virus

Sherrini BA, Chong TT. Nipah encephalitis - an update. Med J Malaysia. 2014 Aug;69 Suppl A:103-11. PubMed PMID: 25417957.[PubMed].

Looi LM, Chua KB. Lessons from the Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Pathology. 2007;29(2):63-7.

Chong HT, Kamarulzaman A, Tan CT, Goh KJ, Thayaparan T, Kunjapan SR, Chew NK, Chua KB, Lam SK. Treatment of acute Nipah encephalitis with ribavirin. Ann Neurol. 2001 Jun;49(6):810-3. PubMed PMID: 11409437.[PubMed].

Directorate General of Health Services [Internet]. National Guideline for Management, Prevention and Control of Nipah Virus Infection; 2011 [cited 2018 July 29]. Available from:http://www.iedcr.gov.bd/pdf/files/nipah/National_Nipah.pdf.

Nipah virus: some preventive measures for the virus. NDTV [newspaper on the internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 July 26]. Available from: https://www.ndtv.com/health/nipah-virus-some-preventive-measures-for-nipah-virus-1855891

Katharine N. Bossart, Thomas W. Geisbert, Heinz Feldmann,Zhongyu Zhu, Friederike Feldmann,Joan B. Geisbert, Lianying Yan, Yan-Ru Feng, Doug Brining, Dana Scott,Yanping Wang,Antony S. Dimitrov, Julie Callison,Yee-Peng Chan, Andrew C. Hickey,Dimiter S. Dimitrov,Christopher C. Broder and Barry Rockx. A neutralizing human monoclonal antibody protects African Green monkeys from Hendra virus challenge. Science Translational Medicine 2011 Oct 19; 3(105): 105ra103.

WHO Research and Development Blueprint. 2018 Annual review of disease prioritized under the Research and Development Blueprint; 2018 [cited 2018 July 30]. Available from:https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/2018prioritization-report.pdf?ua=1

Downloads

Published

2019-06-30

How to Cite

1.
Sachan D, Verma MK, Jain PK, Kumar S, Kharya P. Nipah virus outbreak: A comparative study from Southeast Asia. Indian J Community Health [Internet]. 2019 Jun. 30 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];31(2):157-63. Available from: http://iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/1103

Issue

Vol. 31 No. 2 (2019)

Section

Continued Medical Education

Dimensions Badge

License

Copyright (c) 2019 Indian Journal of Community Health

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2 3 > >>