Prevalence of dementia and its associated risk factors among elderly patient attending Outpatient Department of a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow
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https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2021.v33i02.009Keywords:
Dementia, Cognitive Function, Elderly, Tertiary CareDimensions Badge
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Copyright (c) 2021 Indian Journal of Community Health

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Background: Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that causes a chronic, progressive and gradual decrease in cognitive function i.e. ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person’s daily functioning beyond what might be expected from normal ageing. According to American Psychiatric Association, “Dementia is a syndrome caused by a variety of brain illnesses that affect memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday activities”. Aim & Objectives: To assess the prevalence of dementia among the patients above 60 years of age attending the outpatient department of Tertiary care super specialty hospital. To assess the risk factors associated with occurrence of dementia in patients attending outpatient department of Tertiary care super specialty hospital. Settings and Design: Study design: - Cross-sectional observational study. Study area: - Tertiary care super-specialty hospital. Study setting: - Outpatient department (OPD)of Tertiary care super specialty hospital. Methods and Material: Study population: - Patients above 60 years of age and attending Outpatient Department of the tertiary care super specialty hospital. Duration of Study: - 4 months. Sample size:- 223 elderly participants from the registration counter of the Outpatient Department of tertiary care hospital. Statistical analysis used: Data was analysed using SPSS, version 24.0. Univariate Logistic Regression, Multivariate Logistic Regression, Odds Ratio. Results: The study was conducted on a total of 223 patients out of which only 210 patients completed the questionnaire and matched our criteria. Thus, 210 patients are analysed for the result. In our study which included the patients above 60 years of age out of which the maximum participants (52.4%) were of age group 65-75. In our study 66.2% participants had normal cognitive functioning while 33.8% of total participants were found to have dementia. Out of these 33.8% participants having impaired cognitive functioning, 13.8% and 20% had severe and borderline dementia respectively. Dementia was found to be more common in females. Conclusions: Statistically significant association of dementia has been found with female gender, rural residence, joint family and a greater number of family members, poor education, pan masala consumption, daytime drowsiness, and problem in sleep pattern, social intolerance and frequent fights.Abstract
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Dementia. Who.int.2019. Available from:https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia (Last Accessed on 25.06.2021) Living well with dementia. Available from: https://www.apa.org/helpcenter/living-with-dementia. Burns A,Iliffe S. Dementia. BMJ. 2009;338:b75-b75. Nichols E, Szoeke CEI, Vollset SE, Abbasi N, Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18(1):88–106. Das SK, Pal S, Ghosal MK. Dementia: Indian scenario. Neurol India 2012;60:618-624Available from: http://www.neurologyindia .com/text.asp?2012/60/6/618/105197 Das SK, Biswas A, Roy J, Bose P, Roy T, Banerjee TK, et al. Prevalence of major neurological disordersamong geriatric population in the metropolitan city of Kolkata. J Assoc Physicians India 2008;56:175-81. Banerjee TK, Mukherjee CS, Dutta A, Shekhar A, Hazra A. Cognitive dysfunction in an urban Indian population- some observations. Neuroepidemiology2008;31:109-14. Shaji S, Promodu K, Abraham T, Roy KJ, Verghese A. An epidemiological study of dementia in a rural community of Kerala, India Br J Psychiatry 1996;168:745-9. Chandra V, Ganguli M, Pandav R, Johnston J, Belle S, DeKosky ST. Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in rural India: The Indo-US study. Neurology 1998;51:1000-8 Mummadi M. A cross-sectional study on dementia in elderly persons living in old-age homes of Hyderabad, Telangana. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2018;7(11):709 Jameson J, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Loscalzo J. Harrison's principles of internal medicine. 20th ed. New York [etc.]: McGraw-Hill Education; 2018. Tsolaki M, Iakovidou V, Navrozidou H, Aminta M, Pantazi T, Kazis A. Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) as a screening test for illiterate demented patients.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2000; 15(7):662-664. Dominguez J, Fe de Guzman M, Reandelar M, ThiPhung T. Prevalence of Dementia And Associated Risk Factors: A Population-Based Study in the Philippines. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2018;63(3):1065-1073. Yang L, Jin X, Yan J, Jin Y, Yu W, Wu H et al. Prevalence of dementia, cognitive status and associated risk factors among elderly of Zhejiang province, China in 2014. Age and Ageing. 2016;45(5):707-710. Lalu, J., Vijayakumar, P., George, S., Nair, A., & B., A.. Risk factors of dementia: a comparative study among the geriatric age group in Ernakulam, Southern India. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 218;5(2),544-549. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180117 Vas CJ, Pinto C, Panikker D, Noronha S, Deshpande N, Kulkarni L, et al.Prevalence of Dementia in an Urban Indian Population. International Psycho geriatrics. Cambridge University Press;2001; 13(4):439-50. Rajkumar S, Kumar S, Thara R. Prevalence of Dementia In A Rural Setting: A Report From India. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1997;12(7):702-707. Richardson K, Fox C, Maidment I, Steel N, Loke Y, Arthur A et al. Anticholinergic Drugs and risk of dementia: case-control study. BMJ 2018;:k1315.
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