A Comparative Study of infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) and nutritional status under two years of age
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https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2020.v32i03.006Keywords:
Exclusive Breastfeeding, Complementary feeding, Top feedingDimensions Badge
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Copyright (c) 2020 Indian Journal of Community Health

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Background: Infant and young child feeding is a key area to improve child survival and promote healthy growth and development. NFHS-4 2015-16 reveals improvement in EBF from 46.4% (NFHS-3) to 54.9% in India. Improvement is less in urban area (46.8%) as compared to rural area (54.2%). NFHS 4 reveals decline in EBF from 51.3% (NFHS-3) to 41.6% in Uttar Pradesh. Aims & Objectives: To compare the finding of feeding practices and nutritional status between urban and rural children. Settings and Design: Conducted in the field practice areas of Rural and Urban Health training centre of Muzaffarnagar Medical College. A list of all the registered children up to two years of age was obtained. Period of study was one year. Methods and Material: The sample size calculated using prevalence for urban and rural at 12% permissible error of P. The total sample size (250+ 660) 910 was taken. Statistical analysis used: The data analysed using StatCalc version 8.2.2 software. Results: 43.6% of the children were being exclusively breastfed in rural areas vis-à-vis 29.8% in urban areas. 40.4% were timely fed and 24% were late in starting complementary feeding. Appropriate caloric intake was seen only in 37.9% children. Maximum appropriate intake was there in 0-6 month’s children (62.8%) and this progressively decreased as the age increased, to 40.5%, 17.1% at 6-12 month’s, 12-24 months respectively. Thus age was significantly associated with mean deficiency of calories (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Age of the child was found to be associated with mean deficiency of calories. 33.3% of children fell in the category of wasting and 48.6% of children were stuntedAbstract
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Infant-and-young-child-feeding. Available at: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding. Accessed October 6th, 2020 Thousand days. Available at: http://thousanddays.org/why-1000-days/. Accessed 6th October 2020 Global nutrition targets 2025: policy brief series (WHO/NMH/NHD/14.2). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014. NFHS-3: Available at: http://rchiips.org/NFHS/NFHS-3 Reports/India.pdf Accessed 6th October 2020 Infant young and child feeding: Available at http://www.unicef.org/IYCF_Indicators_part_III_country_profiles.pdf. Accessed 6th October 2020 BPNI. Available at http://bpni.org/research/Research-Breif-series-1.pdf.Accessed 6th October 2020 Ashwini S, Katti S, Mallapur M. Comparison of breast feeding practices among urban and rural mothers: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Medicine and Public Health. 2014;4(1):120. Kumar D, Singh MV, Sharma IK, Kumar D, Shukla KM, Varshney S. Breast feeding practices in infants of rural Western Uttar Pradesh region of India. Int J Med and Dent Sci 2015; 4(1): 624-631. Khan A, Radha R. Breast Feeding and Weaning Practices of mothers in a rural area – A cross- sectional study. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2013; 2:857- 861. Patel D, Bansal S, Nimbalkar A, Phatak A, Nimbalkar S, Desai R. Breastfeeding Practices, Demographic Variables, and Their Association with Morbidities in Children. Advances in Preventive Medicine. 2015;2015:1-9 Chudasama RK, Amin CD, Parikh YN. Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding and its determinants in first 6 months of life: A prospective study. Online J Health Allied Scs. 2009;8(1):3 Philips N, Chirmulay D, Engle P, Houser RF, Bhagwat IP, Levinson J. Does timely introduction of complementary foods lead to improved nutritional status ? Food policy and applied nutrition program. Tufts Nutrition. Discussion paper No-22. Analysis of data from Maharashtra, India 2003 Khokhar A, Singh S, Talwar R, Rasania SK, Badhan SR, Mehra M. A study ofmalnutrition among children aged 6 months to 2 years from a resettlement colonyof Delhi. Indian J Med Sci. 2003 Jul;57(7):286-9. PMID: 12928554.[PubMed] Aneja B, Singh P, Tandon M, Pathak P, Singh C, Kapil U. Etiological factorsof malnutrition among infants in two urban slums of Delhi. Indian Pediatr. 2001Feb;38(2):160-5. PMID: 11224581.[PubMed]. Gupta A, Gupta YP. Status of Infant and Young Child Feeding in 49 Districts (98 Blocks) of India. A National Report of the Quantitiative Study. Breast Feeding Promotion Network of India (BPNI) 2003 Medhi GK, Mahanta J. Breastfeeding, weaning practices and nutritional statusof infants of tea garden workers of Assam. Indian Pediatr. 2004Dec;41(12):1277-9. PMID: 15623918.[PubMed] NFHS-4: http://rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/UP_FactSheet.pdf. Accessed 6th October 2020 Khan ME. Breast-feeding and weaning practices in India. Asia Pac Popul J.1990 Mar;5(1):71-88. PMID: 12283351.[PubMed] Mahmood SE, Srivastava A, Shrotriya VP, Mishra P. Infant feeding practices in the rural population of north India. J Family Community Med. 2012May;19(2):130-5. doi: 10.4103/2230-8229.98305. PMID: 22870418; PMCID:PMC3410177.[PubMed]. Ramachandran P. Breastfeeding practices in South Asia. Indian J Med Res 2004; 119:13-5.
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