Age at natural menopause and factors affecting its onset: A cross-sectional study among postmenopausal females in District Dehradun
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2022.v34i02.018Keywords:
Menopause, Post-menopausal Females, Middle-aged FemalesAbstract
Background: Menopause has become a popular topic of study as life expectancy rises around the world. The average age at menopause in both developed and developing countries ranges from 45 to 53 years. Factors influencing the extent of ovarian follicle reserve dwindling, such as sociodemographic, menstrual, reproductive, and dietary factors. Aim and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the mean age of menopause and to find out the various factors affecting menopause onset. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study conducted in rural and urban areas of District Dehradun for a period of 1 year starting 1st August 2020 to 31st July 2021. Data were collected using multistage stratified random sampling from 211 cases of natural menopause. Chi-square was applied as statistical test of significance and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to current study, average age menopausal age is 46 years. Variables like sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, reproductive and menstrual factors were found to have a significant relationship with onset of menopause. Conclusion: Menopause, whether it occurs early or late in life, several factors are responsible for deciding its onset. As a result, it is critical to identify the factors influencing the onset of menopause.
Downloads
References
Ray S, Dasgupta A. An assessment of QOL and its determining factors of post-menopausal women in a rural area of West Bengal, India: A multivariate analysis. Int J Med Public Health. 2012; 2(4): 12–9.
Punia A, Lekha S, Punia M. Assessment of menopausal problems among rural women using modified menopause rating scale. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2017;6(4):1.
Avin Alva BR C. A Study to Assess the Average Age of Menopause and Menopause Associated Symptoms among Rural Women in Mangalore, Karnataka -. Natl J Community Med. 2016;7(5):404–8.
Chedraui P, Blümel JE, Baron G, Belzares E, Bencosme A, Calle A, et al. Impaired quality of life among middle aged women: A multicentre Latin American study. Maturitas. 2008;61(4):323–9.
Sivapragasam R, Rajini S, Rajalakshmi S, Priyanga K, Rajesh V, Priyadharshini R. A community-based cross-sectional study about the quality of life in postmenopausal women in rural Puducherry. Indian J Community Med. 2020;45(1):96–9.
Gold EB, Bromberger J, Crawford S, Samuels S, Greendale GA, Harlow SD, et al. Factors associated with age at natural menopause in a multiethnic sample of midlife women. Am J Epidemiol. 2001; 153(9):865–74.
Akhtar N, Gupta RK, Bala K, Mengi V, Gupta C. Menopausal symptoms in rural middle aged women: a community based cross sectional study. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018; 7(9):3678.
Singh N, Shinde M, Dafal H, Trivedi A, Chouhan Y. Age at natural menopause and factors affecting menopausal age: A cross-sectional study among postmenopausal female attendees of obstetrics and gynecology outpatient department. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2018;7(11):1.
Khatoon A, Husain S, Husain S, Hussain S. An overview of menopausal symptoms using the menopause rating scale in a tertiary care center. J -Life Health. 2018;9(3):150–4.
Senthilvel S, Vasudevan S, Anju PS, Sukumaran A, Sureshbabu J. Assessment of Symptoms and Quality of Life among Postmenopausal Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kochi, South India: A Hospital-based Descriptive Study. J Midlife Health. 2018 Oct-Dec;9(4):185-190. doi: 10.4103/jmh.JMH_98_18. PMID: 30692813; PMCID: PMC6332724.
Muka T, Oliver-Williams C, Kunutsor S, Laven JSE, Fauser BCJM, Chowdhury R, et al. Association of age at onset of menopause and time since onset of menopause with cardiovascular outcomes, intermediate vascular traits, and all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2016;1(7):767–76.
Rahman S, Zainudin S, Mun V. Assessment of menopausal symptoms using modified Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) among middle age women in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. Asia Pac Fam Med. 2010;9(1):5.
Punia A, Lekha S, Punia M. Assessment of menopausal problems among rural women using modified menopause rating scale. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2017;6(4):1.
Tasnim S, Haque MA, Nazmeen S. Experience of menopause and menopausal transition among middle aged women attending a periurban hospital. Bangladesh J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;31(1).
Mushtaq S, Ashai Y. Coping strategies used by post-menopausal women in Srinagar district of Kashmir Valley. Anthropologist. 2014; 17(3):1003–6.
Agarwal AK, Kiron N, Gupta R, Sengar A. A Cross Sectional Study for Assessment of Menopausal Symptoms and Coping Strategies among the Women of 40-60 Years Age Group Attending Outpatient Clinic of Gynaecology. Int J Med Public Health. 2019;9(1):13–9.
Ts S, Muthusamy S. Menopause: An Emerging Issue in India. Econ Polit Wkly 4923–30.
Patel M, Shah V, Kamani H, Sonaliya K. Current scenario of menopause-related symptoms using menopause rating scale among middle-aged women of Western India: A cross-sectional study. Int J Med Sci Public Health. 2017;7(1):1.
Blümel JE, Chedraui P, Calle A, Bocanera R, Depiano E, Figueroa-Casas P, et al. Age at menopause in Latin America. Menopause. 2006;13(4):74-81.
Hachul H, Daniel NP. The Age of Menopause and their Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study. J Womens Health Care. 2016;5(5):27-32.
Costanian C, McCague H, Tamim H. Age at natural menopause and its associated factors in Canada: Cross-sectional analyses from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Menopause. 2018;25(3):87-93
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Indian Journal of Community Health
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
