Antibody Response to SARS-COV-2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers of Uttarakhand: A Prospective Follow-up Study

Authors

  • Garima Mittal Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6749-8777
  • Rajender Singh Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2697-4765
  • Manish Mittal Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
  • Shagufta Jahoor Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
  • Preeti Bisht Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand
  • Barnali Kakati Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1592-9109

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47203/IJCH.2023.v35i01.018

Keywords:

Humans, COVID-19 Vaccines, Immunoglobulin G, SARS-CoV-2, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Follow-Up Studies, COVID-19, Prospective Studies, Antibodies, Viral vaccination, Vaccines, Government

Abstract

Background: Countries around the world are now racing to vaccinate people against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The Government of India also rolled out its vaccination drive from 16th January ‘2021.

Aims: To estimate the antibody response of the COVID-19 vaccine in the form of SARS-COV-2 IgG antibodies in vaccinated healthcare workers.

Methods: Prospective follow-up was study conducted on healthcare workers (HCWs) of a Medical college in Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Healthcare workers who have been vaccinated for COVID-19 were tested for SARS-CoV-2-IgG antibodies at regular intervals i.e at 4 weeks after the 1st dose and then again at 4 weeks after the 2nd dose. The third sample was taken 6 months after the 2nd dose.

Results: A total of 302 HCWs were enrolled in the study who gave their samples for IgG antibody estimation after the Covishield vaccine. After 4 weeks of completion of both doses, 96% HCWs formed SARS-COV-2 IgG antibodies, whereas 4% didn’t. Then after 6 months of follow-up, 14% HCWs have become negative for antibodies and better immunity is seen in people who also got infected with COVID-19 during this time.

Conclusion: This study concludes that the immunity gained after vaccination is waning off in around 6 months and there is a need for a booster dose, especially for people at high risk. The infection control practices still play a crucial role in the prevention of this deadly disease.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KS, Lau EH, Wong JY, Xing X. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia. New England journal of medicine. 2020 Jan 29.

World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) technical guidance: laboratory testing for 2019-nCoV in humans. (https://www.who.int/publications-detail/laboratory-testing-for-2019-novel-coronavirus-in-suspected-human-cases-20200117) Google Scholar

Widge AT, Rouphael NG, Jackson LA, Anderson EJ, Roberts PC, Makhene M, Chappell JD, Denison MR, Stevens LJ, Pruijssers AJ, McDermott AB. Durability of responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 vaccination. New England Journal of Medicine. 2021 Jan 7;384(1):80-2.

Folegatti PM, Ewer KJ, Aley PK, Angus B, Becker S, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Bellamy D, Bibi S, Bittaye M, Clutterbuck EA, Dold C. Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2020 Aug 15;396(10249):467-78.

Debroy S, Jun 7 SA / T / U, 2021, Ist 07:44. “High immune response in 95% health workers who took the jab” | Mumbai News - Times of India [Internet]. The Times of India. [cited 2022 May17].Availablefrom:http://timesofindia. i nd iat i mes .com /a r t icleshow/83292425.cm s? ut m _ source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_ campaign=cppst

Uysal EB, Gümü? S, Bektöre B, Bozkurt H, Gözalan A. Evaluation of antibody response after COVID?19 vaccination of healthcare workers. Journal of Medical Virology. 2022 Mar;94(3):1060-6.

Xu Q-Y, Xue J-H, Xiao Y, Jia Z-J, Wu M-J, Liu Y-Y, et al.Response and Duration of Serum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies After Inactivated Vaccination Within 160 Days. Frontiers in Immunology. 2021 Dec 23;12.

Ammar A, Shah J A, Khan W, et al.(March 22, 2022) COVID-19 Antibodies in Vaccinated Healthcare Workers: The Security Currency. Cureus 14(3): e23383. DOI 10.7759/cureus.23383

Soysal A, Gönüllü E, Karabay?r N, Alan S, At?c? S, Y?ld?z ?, Engin H, Çivilibal M, Karaböcüo?lu M. Comparison of immunogenicity and reactogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected health care workers. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. 2021 Jul 17:1-5.

Raz N E, Weisman Y L, Stemmer A, Ness A, Awwad M, Ghantous N, Stemmer S M.Top of Form Antibody Titers before and after a Third Dose of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Adults Aged ?60 Years. JAMA. 2021 Dec 7; 326(21): 2203–2204.

Downloads

Published

2023-03-31

How to Cite

1.
Mittal G, Singh R, Mittal M, Jahoor S, Bisht P, Kakati B. Antibody Response to SARS-COV-2 Vaccination in Healthcare Workers of Uttarakhand: A Prospective Follow-up Study. Indian J Community Health [Internet]. 2023 Mar. 31 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];35(1):99-102. Available from: https://iapsmupuk.org/journal/index.php/IJCH/article/view/2491

Issue

Vol. 35 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Original Article

Dimensions Badge

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Garima Mittal, 2. Dr. Rajender Singh, 3. Dr. Manish Mittal, 4. Ms. Shagufta Jahoor, 5. Ms. Preeti Bisht, Dr. Barnali Kakati

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.