Relationship between lifestyle habits and IDRS in a community based study at meerut

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a complex and multifactorial disease, with global estimates projecting an increase to 629 million cases by 2045, as indicated in the IDF Diabetes Atlas. While traditionally viewed as a homogeneous condition, recent studies have unveiled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) as a diverse set of heterogeneous disease subtypes. These investigations have revealed a range of path physiological mechanisms underlying T2DM, suggesting the potential for personalized treatment approaches tailored to the specific subtypes of the disease. ^[1]

Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in India, with the International Diabetes Federation estimating that the country currently harbors over 65 million individuals affected by type 2 diabetes. This number is anticipated to double within the next two decades. Notably, the prevalence of diabetes among urban residents in India ranks among the highest globally, comparable to the rates observed in high-prevalence regions of West Asia and the Pacific. ^[2]  Type 2 diabetes represent the most prevalent forms of the disease, each diagnosed through well-established criteria. Need to screen for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus increasing day by day and one of the screening tool is IDRS Developed by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation.

 IDRS utilizes four risk factors: age, abdominal obesity, family history of diabetes, and physical activity. It incorporates two modifiable factors (waist circumference and physical inactivity) and two nonmodifiable factors (age and family history). The screening process not only aids in identifying undiagnosed diabetic subjects but also assesses the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes.^[3]

The screening for diabetes not only detects cases early but also contributes to an increase in the quality of life-years gained by patients over time. The IDRS, derived from the extensive 'CURES' study on diabetes in India by the Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, demonstrates a sensitivity of 72.5% and specificity of 60.1% within the Indian community.^[4]

Lifestyle habits plays a crucial role in the development of diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, key  factors include Diet, Physical activity, sleep patterns, Stress, Smoking and Alcohol.